Polar Coordinates

Instructions: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate terms related to polar coordinates.

  1. The ____________[1] coordinate system specifies a point using its distance from the origin and the angle it makes with the positive -axis.
  1. In the polar coordinate system, the fixed point at the origin is called the ____________[2].
  1. The ____________[3] is the initial ray from the pole, usually aligned with the positive -axis.
  1. A point in the plane is represented in polar coordinates as ____________[4], where is the directed distance from the pole and is the directed angle.
  1. The polar coordinates and Cartesian coordinates are related as follows:
    __________________[5]
    __________________[6]
    __________________[7]
    __________________[8]
  1. When converting from Cartesian to polar coordinates, the ____________[9] of the point must be considered to determine the correct angle.
  1. To graph a polar equation, one can calculate values of for different values of ____________[10] and plot the corresponding points.
  1. If substituting with results in an equivalent equation, the graph is symmetric about the line ____________[11].
  1. If substituting with results in an equivalent equation, the graph is symmetric about the ____________[12].
  1. If substituting with results in an equivalent equation, the graph is symmetric about the ____________[13].
  1. A ____________[14] is a family of polar graphs defined by equations such as or , which can form inner loops, dimples, or convex shapes.
  1. A ____________[15] curve is a polar graph with the equation or , where the number of petals depends on .
  1. A ____________[16] is the set of points whose distance from a fixed point (focus) is in a constant ratio to its distance from a fixed line (directrix).
  1. If the eccentricity of a conic is less than 1, the shape is a(n) ____________[17].
  1. If the eccentricity of a conic is exactly 1, the shape is a(n) ____________[18].
  1. If the eccentricity of a conic is greater than 1, the shape is a(n) ____________[19].
  1. The general equation of a conic in polar form is
    , where represents the ____________[20] and represents the distance between the focus and the directrix.

  1. polar ↩︎
  2. pole ↩︎
  3. polar axis ↩︎
  4. quadrant ↩︎
  5. -axis ↩︎
  6. -axis ↩︎
  7. origin ↩︎
  8. limaçon ↩︎
  9. rose ↩︎
  10. conic ↩︎
  11. ellipse ↩︎
  12. parabola ↩︎
  13. hyperbola ↩︎
  14. eccentricity ↩︎